I grabbed a couple of these, one with NAND flash and one without. Both have Wifi/BT/POE support, and I bought the POE hats because that's a damn good idea. https://shop.allnetchina.cn/collections/frontpage/products/rock-pi-s?variant=29067635458150 = Setup = I'm using their Ubuntu image here, it's "focal" (20.04 LTS). == Initial image and packages == * Image the SD card and boot it as normal, get a console either with adb or SSH * Default SSH creds are rock//rock, there's no root password set but you can sudo up * SSH is enabled by default * Login as rock, sudo to root * Set hostname: `hostnamectl set-hostname wag1.thighhighs.top` * Regenerate SSH host keys {{{ rm /etc/ssh/ssh_host_* dpkg-reconfigure openssh-server # As an alternative, though this will generate DSA keys as well ssh-keygen -A }}} * Packages {{{ apt update apt install -y vim screen locales bash-completion lsof tcpdump netcat strace nmap less bsdmainutils tzdata whiptail #dpkg-reconfigure locales apt full-upgrade reboot }}} * Delete the entries from your known_hosts then SSH again as rock@host, accepting new keys Fix your keys * ssh-copy-id rock@host * ssh rock@host # login again * passwd # set a strong random password, this will be used for both rock and root * sudo -i * passwd # set the same for root now * record the new password somewhere * Lock the rock account now: usermod -L rock # this still permits key access * Grab the authorized_keys so root can use it * mkdir -m 0700 /root/.ssh * cp /home/rock/.ssh/authorized_keys /root/.ssh/ * chown root:root /root/.ssh/authorized_keys ; chmod 0600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys * Logout as rock, login again as root this time == Network config == * Disable IPv6 privacy addresses {{{ # It's enabled by default on Ubuntu focal sed -r -i 's/tempaddr = 2/tempaddr = 0/' /etc/sysctl.d/10-ipv6-privacy.conf systemctl restart procps # This is a nifty site for testing: http://ip.bieringer.net/ # Look at EUI64_SCOPE and see if it's random/privacy/global. Global is what we want for servers (probably). }}} == More config == * Set timezone {{{ timedatectl set-timezone Australia/Sydney }}} * Set editor {{{ echo "export EDITOR=vim" > /etc/profile.d/editor-vim.sh }}} * Python {{{ apt install python-is-python3 }}} * Disable HashKnownHosts {{{ echo -e "Host *\n HashKnownHosts no" > /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d/99-global.conf }}} * Configure screen and top {{{ curl -o ~/.screenrc https://gist.githubusercontent.com/barneydesmond/d16c5201ed9d2280251dfca7c620bb86/raw/.screenrc curl -o ~/.config/procps/toprc https://gist.githubusercontent.com/barneydesmond/d16c5201ed9d2280251dfca7c620bb86/raw/.toprc }}} * More packages {{{ apt install wget curl net-tools ack jq make mlocate elinks nmap whois updatedb reboot }}} == Faff with networking == We'd like static IP but dynamic IPv6 {{{ apt install netplan.io }}} Criteria is: * Get NTP servers from DHCP if possible * Static IPv4 addressing * Global static IPv6 addresses (I guess) * Add a locally-defined static IPv6 address, that other hosts can refer to via DNS etc * DNS resolvers can come from DHCP or be manually defined * Use networkd instead of network-manager, remove unneeded packages {{{ apt purge network-manager networkmanager-patch apt autoremove }}} This'll do: {{{ network: version: 2 renderer: networkd ethernets: eth0: critical: true dhcp-identifier: mac dhcp4: false dhcp6: true dhcp6-overrides: use-dns: false ipv6-privacy: false addresses: - "192.168.1.26/24" # 26 for the .26 IPv4, ca6c == 51820, the default Wireguard port - "2404:e80:42e3:0:26:0:0:ca6c/64" routes: - to: 0.0.0.0/0 via: 192.168.1.1 on-link: true nameservers: addresses: - 192.168.1.20 - 192.168.1.24 - fe80::e65f:1ff:fe1c:c6ea - fe80::ba27:ebff:fe8c:f4f8 search: - thighhighs.top. }}} == Disable wifi == I don't need it and it slows down boot. {{{ systemctl disable wpa_supplicant.service --now }}} = OS = I installed their provided image of Debian buster, balena Etcher'd straight onto a spare SD card and inserted. Used adb shell to get initial connectivity to set it up and inspect things. The root filesystem is all of ~500 MiB, which is great for compactness and speed. It auto-grows on first boot by the looks of it. {{{ [ 11.091476] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): resizing filesystem from 199161 to 7835148 blocks [ 11.518063] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): resized filesystem to 7835148 }}} == Disk usage == {{{ root@rockpis:/# df -hl Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 210M 0 210M 0% /dev tmpfs 43M 296K 43M 1% /run /dev/mmcblk0p2 30G 511M 28G 2% / tmpfs 213M 0 213M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 213M 0 213M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup }}} == Block devices == * mmcblk0 is the SD card * mmcblk1 is the onboard NAND flash {{{ root@rockpis:/# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT mmcblk0 179:0 0 30G 0 disk ├─mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 112M 0 part └─mmcblk0p2 179:2 0 29.9G 0 part / mmcblk1 179:32 0 3.6G 0 disk └─mmcblk1p1 179:33 0 3.6G 0 part }}} == CPU == {{{ root@rockpis:/# lscpu Architecture: aarch64 Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 4 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3 Thread(s) per core: 1 Core(s) per socket: 4 Socket(s): 1 Vendor ID: ARM Model: 2 Model name: Cortex-A35 Stepping: r0p2 CPU max MHz: 1296.0000 CPU min MHz: 408.0000 BogoMIPS: 48.00 Flags: fp asimd aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 }}} == Network interfaces == {{{ root@rockpis:/# ifconfig eth0: flags=4099 mtu 1500 ether 4e:43:df:6b:85:ff txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 6 bytes 752 (752.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 device interrupt 26 lo: flags=73 mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback) RX packets 2 bytes 106 (106.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2 bytes 106 (106.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 p2p0: flags=4099 mtu 1500 ether 1a:77:e9:6d:75:84 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 wlan0: flags=4099 mtu 1500 ether e6:a6:66:59:15:ed txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 }}}